Six-Type Emergency Architecture

Each type has objective institutional triggers — technical certifications about factual conditions, not Cabinet judgments about severity — with calibrated powers, ceilings, and prohibitions.

Type	Trigger	Initial Duration	Auto-Lapse	Cannot Suspend
1 — External Attack	CCS unanimous recommendation; Presidential proclamation	6 months	180 days after formal ceasefire	Fundamental rights, Rajya Sabha, Finance Commission formula
2 — Public Health	DGHS + NDMA certification; Cabinet approval	90 days	60 days after WHO/ICMR certification of end conditions	Habeas corpus; Rajya Sabha; CoS binding authority after day 90
3 — Natural Disaster	NDMA declaration	Per NDMA certification	NDMA certifies conditions have passed	Normal constitutional operations — activates resources only
4 — Internal Conflict	Home Ministry certification; Cabinet; Presidential proclamation	3 months	Majority LS renewal required every 60 days	Habeas corpus; SC jurisdiction maintained throughout
5 — State Breakdown	Governor report; Cabinet recommendation; Presidential proclamation	1 year max without fresh elections	RS must approve within 30 days or proclamation lapses	State's right to fresh elections cannot be permanently suspended
6 — Cyber Emergency	CERT-In Director General + NSA; Cabinet	30 days	No renewal without Cabinet vote every 30 days	Political communication; individual comms without warrant

Article 352 is preserved as a backstop for any contingency that fits no purpose-built type.