Rajya Sabha: A Tiered Federal Chamber

The Lok Sabha component makes the lower house more proportional. Without a corresponding federal rebalancing of the upper house, southern states' fiscal and representational protections remain vulnerable to the executive actions of governments they had no role in forming. This component transforms the Rajya Sabha from a population-weighted revising chamber into a genuine federal chamber [@cite_indconlawphil_rs_not_federal; @cite_orf_rajya_sabha_federal].