The Performance-Weighted Allocation Formula
Each state's Lok Sabha seats are calculated as the higher of two values:
- Population Weight (PW): State's share of national population × 800 — strict proportionality.
- Performance Weight (PerfW): State's current seat count × 1.15 — a guaranteed minimum 15% growth.
Final seats = max(PW, PerfW), rounded to nearest integer, with total adjusted to 800.
Constitutional justification. The Performance Weight is justified as a balance between Article 81's proportionality requirement and Articles 14 (equality before law) and 38 (social justice). States that served national demographic policy objectives — reducing population growth at the expense of their own future representational weight — cannot be structurally penalised for that service. This is not a deviation from proportionality; it is a constitutionally balanced definition of proportionality that accounts for demographic service to national policy. The legal defence rests on the same Article 38 social-justice reasoning that underpins reservations broadly.
| State | Current Seats | Pop. Weight (800) | Perf. Weight (×1.15) | Final Seats | Seat Change | Share Δ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | 80 | 117 | 92 | 117 | +37 | +0.8% |
| Bihar | 40 | 81 | 46 | 81 | +41 | +1.6% |
| Maharashtra | 48 | 82 | 55 | 82 | +34 | +0.7% |
| West Bengal | 42 | 61 | 48 | 61 | +19 | +0.3% |
| Tamil Nadu | 39 | 42 | 45 | 45 | +6 | −0.2% |
| Karnataka | 28 | 45 | 32 | 45 | +17 | +0.4% |
| Andhra Pradesh | 25 | 33 | 29 | 33 | +8 | +0.1% |
| Rajasthan | 25 | 46 | 29 | 46 | +21 | +0.9% |
| Kerala | 20 | 23 | 23 | 23 | +3 | −0.1% |
| Telangana | 17 | 25 | 20 | 25 | +8 | +0.1% |
Indicative allocation. Final allocation determined by the Independent Delimitation Authority of India (IDAI) using 2027 census data. See Appendix B for the full state-by-state table.
The critical political outcome. Tamil Nadu's share changes by only −0.2 percentage points; Kerala's by −0.1. Both within rounding tolerance and not materially different from current share. The political communication problem is solved mathematically. No ministerial assurance required; no constitutional text needed to explain it; the number simply does not exist as a grievance.